46 Elbow Valgus and Varus Stress Tests Elbow Valgus and Varus Stress Tests Elbow Varus Stress Test. Use: Test for varus lateral collateral ligament (LCL) instability at the elbow Procedure: Elbow flexed, slight supination, support forearm, gapping in/out to assess ligament Findings: Positive finding is pain, decreased mobility, laxity as compared with the unaffected side The terms valgus and varus refer to angulation (or bowing) within the shaft of a bone or at a joint. It is determined by the distal part being more medial or lateral than it should be. Whenever the distal part is more lateral, it is called valgu... Importance of Test: The lateral collateral ligament is important for resisting varus force at the knee due to its attachments along the femur and fibular head. With the fibular nerve also located around the fibular head, any injury with a mechanism of a varus force to the knee could potentially stress the fibular nerve as well. Purpose: The Varus Stress Test is used to assess the integrity of the LCL or lateral collateral ligament of the knee.This is a key test to perform when assessing for posterolateral instability of the knee. How to Perform Varus Stress Test. Position of Patient: The patient should be relaxed in the supine position. Performance: The examiner will support the knee and lower leg at the ankle Valgus vs. Varus 1. Valgus vs. Varus 2. • According to the Direction of the Distal end of the Distal Bone forming the Joint •Valgus, when Distal Bone directed Laterally •Varus when Distal Bone directed Medially 3. Distal End of Tibia goes away from midline, Laterally, then it is Genu Valgus 4. To perform the varus stress test at 30° of knee flexion, the leg is placed over the examining table with the knee flexed at between 20°-30°. One’s fingers are then placed over the joint line while the distal femur is stabilized. Medial Knee Instability Valgus Stress Test at 0 Varus and valgus stress tests of the knee are used to determine the presence of MCL or LCL pathology. To perform this test, have the patient lying supine with the hip flexed to 45 degrees, then take the patient’s leg and secure it between your body and elbow. Apply varus and valgus stress at the joint and assess for the degree of laxity at the knee Patient Position. Supine (or seated) Procedure Steps. Supine testing . Drop the leg off the table and flex the knee to 30°. Put fingers over the lateral joint line.; Grab the ankle/foot and apply a varus stress to the knee (using the medial knee against the outside of the table as a fulcrum and pushing the ankle lateral to medial).; Compare to the opposite, unaffected side. The varus test involves applying forces to the knee in the opposite direction. Widening of the joint on the lateral side is indicative of lateral ligament and / or posterior cruciate ligament deficiencies. Variations of these tests involve placing the knee in varying amounts of flexion and rotation. Last reviewed 01/2018 Valgus and Varus Stress Test. Name. Purpose. Description. Sensitivity, Specificity. Validity, Reliability. The therapist applies a varus stress at the knee while the ankle is stabilized. The test is first done with the knee in full extension and then with the knee in 20-30 degrees of flexion. 1 .
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